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Xiphactinus
 
Xiphactinus
Fish Cast
:
Group: Actinopterygii (Fish)
Original Specimen Location:
Specimen Number:
Age: Late Cretaceous
Where Found:
Date Found:
Size:
Original Material:
Source: Dinolab
Type: Plaque
3d Scan:
 
 
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pachycormiformes
Family: Ichthyodectidae
Subfamily: Ichthyodectinae
Genus: Xiphactinus
Species: X. audax

Junior Synonym: Portheus molossus

A large (5m) predatory ray-finned fish that lived in the late Cretaceous, X. audax had a pitbull-like snout that bristled with razor sharp teeth. Its habitat was the shallow sea that stretched across North America during that time. The rich biodiversity of the area likely provided X. audax with the resources and energy to maintain its size and metabolism, although it was not the apex predator of its time. These fossils provide insight into the complex food webs of the time, as X. audax specimens often have recent meals fossilized within their gut. It was not immune to predation itself, however, and so can also be found as recent meals of other hungry fish and reptiles.

Type Species: Xiphactinus Audax/Portheus molossus >/i>

Leidy, J. (1870). [Remarks on ichthyodorulites and on certain fossil Mammalia]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 22, pp. 12–13.
Cope, ED. (1872). Stated Meeting, Oct 20, 1871. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 12, No. 87, pp. 174–176.
Type Specimen:
USNM 52 in the collection of the United States National Museum.

Additional Scientific Resources:

Walker, MV, and Everhart, MJ. (2006). The Impossible Fossil – Revisited. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, Vol. 109, Issue 1, pp. 87-96.

Bardack, D. (1965). Anatomy and evolution of Chirocentrid fishes. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Article 10, pp. 88, pl 2.

Hay, OP. (1898). Observations on the Genus of Fossil Fishes Called by Professor Cope, Portheus, by Dr. Leidy, Xiphactinus. Zoological Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 25-54.

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